Onion culture

Onion crops: onions, shallots,  Welsh onion, leeks, garlic. These cultures are essential to the human diet because it is useful and eaten fresh or prepared in many ways.

Onions contain essential oil (0.15%), vitamin C, riboflavin, thiamine, carotenoids, phytic, citric and malic acids, sugars (glucose, fructose, sucrose), compounds of potassium, iron, manganese, zinc, cobalt. Due to the biological characteristics of culture developed technology of cultivation: onions from seed in one year , two-year culture.

Onion has high requirements for soil fertility. It takes a middle position among vegetables for micronutrients removal of soil, giving roots, cabbage and cucumbers. Acute varieties of onions endure more micronutrients  than sweet. Total removal of mineral nutrients above the growing onions from seed; whereas for the cultivation of these indicators Seedling smaller. Excess of nitrogen is harmful to the crop, as it retards the ripening of onions and impairs their storage, because nitrogen fertilizers are applied in easily digestible forms just before sowing. The highest yields are obtained onions when making medium doses of mineral fertilizers in combination with humus. Onion culture respond well to the introduction of trace elements, especially copper (15-30 g / 10 m2), in conjunction with mineral fertilizers. Available in onion turnip mustard oils, which include sulfur, demonstrates the increased need for this element.

For the cultivation of onion pen is particularly important microelements of fertilizing because the crop often does not fertilize (yield formed by the outflow of nutrients to the bulb) or make fertilizer tailored to the needs of the next culture (for which the bow is a precursor). The use of herbicides is prohibited. Therefore, a root (for irrigation) and foliar fertilizing (during the growing season, finishing in 2 weeks to collect green - leaf length 20-25 cm) is important. For cultivation in greenhouses under culture made (during the main cultivation): N - 180, P - 50-70, K - 360 Mg - 50-60, Ca - 80-100; summer: N - 140, P - 50-70, K - 220 Mg - 40-55, Ca - 80, and minerals.

Leeks are relatively undemanding plants, but needs a good fertilizer, which will ensure not only the timely maturation of the crop, but high performance of the culture.

Shallots have high demands on soil fertility, so the growing need to use readily available forms of fertilizers, due to its precocity.

Distillation of green onions and shallots Welsh in closed ground is 2 times faster than with onion and its cost is 3-4 times lower.

By distillation of garlic use winter varieties, which form more green. Bulbs of garlic contain essential oils, phytosterols, vitamins, nicotinic acid, organic acids, carbohydrates, fatty oil, minerals (potassium, calcium, sodium, magnesium, phosphorus, iron, manganese, zinc, iodine, copper). At harvest of 10 tons of garlic add the soil  40 kg of nitrogen, 12 - 30 kg of phosphorus and potassium and many micronutrients.

Recommendations for foliar feeding of complex fertilizers onion crop

*  May combine with other methods of seed treatment, bubbling, handling variable temperatures, radiation, etc. germination (hanging on Seedling);

** Seedling preparation includes soaking, germination, heating (40oS within 8 hours) for sowing teeth treatment is not carried out;

*** Irrespective of the period of sowing and purpose: spring (spring formed single bulbs of garlic), during the winter (and half of October - single winter garlic bulbs), summer (1-5 July - to obtain multiplecore garlic);

**** Core (optimum weight 10-15 g) no signs of injuries and illnesses soaked in a solution of trace elements for 12 hours;

***** To accelerate the regrowth of the leaves before planting bulbs cut on the neck and shoulders are soaked in warm water at a temperature of +40 ... + 45 ° C for 2-3 hours or 1 day in the water.

Consumption rate of working solution is 200-300 l / ha.

It is advisable to combine feeding with the introduction of crop protection and urea (if necessary).

If necessary, add further recommended «ROSTOK» Copper, «ROSTOK» Manganese «ROSTOK» Molybdenum and «ROSTOK» Zinc

The content of nutrients in fertilizers «UAROSTOK»® and doses of entering designed according to the needs of plants in them in a period of growth and development.

The use of micronutrients «UAROSTOK»® promotes:

• improve the vitality of seeds (germination speed up to 10-16 days), cloves;
• stimulate plant growth and development;
• improve healing seedlings seedling method for growing;
• strengthening plant resistance to diseases (powdery mildew, leaf spot, etc.)
• reduces stress plants from soil-climatic and anthropogenic factors (crop protection);
• improving the quality (increased content of vitamins and solids, nitrate reduction);
• Increased productivity culture for 10%;
• lengthening the shelf life of products.

Microfertilizers «UAROSTOK»® is non-toxic to humans and bees do not cause allergies and environmentally safe.

The root system of onion crops is heal and underdeveloped because of great importance to ensure these crops with macro- and micronutrients. For lack of availability of plants and inability to get high yields, precisely because of foliar fertilizing is such an important and effective measure in the technology of growing these crops.